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In literature, an epigraph is a phrase, quotation, or poem that is set at the beginning of a document or component.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Epigraph )〕 The epigraph may serve as a preface, as a summary, as a counter-example, or to link the work to a wider literary canon,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Definition of Epigraph )〕 either to invite comparison or to enlist a conventional context. ==Examples== * The long quotation from Dante's ''Inferno'' that prefaces T. S. Eliot's ''The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock'' is part of a speech by one of the damned in Dante's Hell. Linking it to the monologue which forms Eliot's poem adds a comment and a dimension to Prufrock's confession. The epigraph to Eliot's ''Gerontion'' is a quotation from Shakespeare's ''Measure for Measure''. Eliot's ''The Hollow Men'' uses the line "Mistah Kurtz, he dead" from Joseph Conrad's ''Heart of Darkness'' as one of its two epigraphs. * The epigraph to Theodore Herzl's 'Altneuland' is "If you will it, it is no dream..." which became a slogan of the Zionist movement. * The epigraph to Dostoevsky's ''The Brothers Karamazov'' is John 12:24. "Verily, verily, I say unto you, except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit." * The epigraphs to the preamble of Georges Perec's ''Life: A User's Manual'' (''La Vie mode d'emploi'') and to the book as a whole warn the reader that tricks are going to be played and that all will not be what it seems. * Jack London uses the first stanza of John Myers O'Hara's poem "Atavism" as the epigraph to ''The Call of the Wild''. * As an epigraph to ''The Sun Also Rises'', Ernest Hemingway famously quotes Gertrude Stein, "You are all a lost generation." * The epigraph to E. L. Doctorow's ''Ragtime'' quotes Scott Joplin's instructions to those who play his music, "Do not play this piece fast. It is never right to play ''Ragtime'' fast." This stands in contrast to the accelerating pace of American society at the turn of the 20th century. * A Samuel Johnson quote is used as an epigraph in Hunter S. Thompson's novel ''Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas'': "He who makes a beast of himself gets rid of the pain of being a man." * Stephen King uses many epigraphs in his writing, usually to mark the beginning of another section in the novel. An unusual example is ''The Stand'' where he uses lyrics from certain songs to express the metaphor used in a particular part. * As the epigraph to ''The Sum of All Fears'', Tom Clancy〔Tom Clancy, The Sum of All Fears, 1991, Harper Collins Publishing, London〕 quotes Winston Churchill in the context of thermonuclear war: *Epigraphs are primarily used at the beginning of each chapter of the ''Robotech'' novels by James Luceno and Brian Daley under the name Jack McKinney in the style of Dune. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Epigraph (literature)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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